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📄 apt-mark(58.38 KB)
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📄 awk(154.66 KB)
📄 b2sum(58.98 KB)
📄 base32(46.89 KB)
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📄 basename(42.83 KB)
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📄 bash(1.21 MB)
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📄 bdftopcf(42.45 KB)
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📄 busctl(90.5 KB)
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📄 captoinfo(90.34 KB)
📄 cat(42.98 KB)
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📄 chown(71.05 KB)
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📄 chsh(51.64 KB)
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📄 clear(14.24 KB)
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📄 cmp(50.95 KB)
📄 comm(46.92 KB)
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📄 cpan5.36-x86_64-linux-gnu(8.18 KB)
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📄 cut(46.98 KB)
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📄 dbus-cleanup-sockets(14.22 KB)
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📄 kernel-install(12.75 KB)
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📄 last(50.31 KB)
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📄 lastlog(31.75 KB)
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📄 ld.so(205.96 KB)
📄 ldd(5.28 KB)
📄 letsencrypt(958 B)
📄 libnetcfg(15.41 KB)
📄 link(38.83 KB)
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📄 ln(71.12 KB)
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📄 logger(54.9 KB)
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📄 ls(147.8 KB)
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📄 lsb_release(2.59 KB)
📄 lsblk(202.31 KB)
📄 lscpu(126.31 KB)
📄 lsfd(120.3 KB)
📄 lsipc(98.31 KB)
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📄 lslocks(70.7 KB)
📄 lslogins(94.31 KB)
📄 lsmem(66.31 KB)
📄 lsns(82.31 KB)
📄 mawk(154.66 KB)
📄 mcookie(34.38 KB)
📄 md5sum(50.95 KB)
📄 md5sum.textutils(50.95 KB)
📄 mesg(18.3 KB)
📄 mkdir(95.27 KB)
📄 mkfifo(67.17 KB)
📄 mkfontdir(65 B)
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📄 mknod(71.2 KB)
📄 mktemp(42.92 KB)
📄 more(58.31 KB)
📄 mount(58.3 KB)
📄 mountpoint(18.3 KB)
📄 mv(139.62 KB)
📄 namei(34.31 KB)
📄 nawk(154.66 KB)
📄 netstat(151.66 KB)
📄 networkctl(106.38 KB)
📄 newgrp(47.75 KB)
📄 nice(42.86 KB)
📄 nisdomainname(22.15 KB)
📄 nl(111.11 KB)
📄 nohup(42.89 KB)
📄 normalizer(244 B)
📄 nproc(42.89 KB)
📄 nsenter(34.54 KB)
📄 nstat(104.45 KB)
📄 numfmt(67.02 KB)
📄 od(79.02 KB)
📄 openssl(953.26 KB)
📄 pager(58.31 KB)
📄 paperconf(14.34 KB)
📄 partx(118.31 KB)
📄 passwd(66.65 KB)
📄 paste(42.89 KB)
📄 pathchk(42.86 KB)
📄 pdb3(62.4 KB)
📄 pdb3.11(62.4 KB)
📄 pdf2dsc(698 B)
📄 pdf2ps(909 B)
📄 peekfd(14.5 KB)
📄 perl(3.63 MB)
📄 perl5.36-x86_64-linux-gnu(14.41 KB)
📄 perl5.36.0(3.63 MB)
📄 perlbug(44.12 KB)
📄 perldoc(125 B)
📄 perlivp(10.61 KB)
📄 perlthanks(44.12 KB)
📄 pf2afm(498 B)
📄 pfbtopfa(516 B)
📄 pgrep(34.42 KB)
📄 phar(14.88 KB)
📄 phar.phar(14.88 KB)
📄 phar.phar8.2(14.88 KB)
📄 phar8.2(14.88 KB)
📄 phar8.2.phar(14.88 KB)
📄 php(5.4 MB)
📄 php8.2(5.4 MB)
📄 piconv(8.16 KB)
📄 pidof(26.31 KB)
📄 pidwait(34.42 KB)
📄 pinky(47.05 KB)
📄 pkill(34.42 KB)
📄 pl2pm(4.43 KB)
📄 pldd(22.69 KB)
📄 pmap(34.34 KB)
📄 pod2html(4.04 KB)
📄 pod2man(14.68 KB)
📄 pod2text(10.55 KB)
📄 pod2usage(4.01 KB)
📄 podchecker(3.57 KB)
📄 pphs(404 B)
📄 pr(79.11 KB)
📄 printafm(395 B)
📄 printenv(34.83 KB)
📄 printf(62.92 KB)
📄 prlimit(38.83 KB)
📄 prove(13.34 KB)
📄 prtstat(18.57 KB)
📄 ps(142.93 KB)
📄 ps2ascii(631 B)
📄 ps2epsi(1.23 KB)
📄 ps2pdf(272 B)
📄 ps2pdf12(215 B)
📄 ps2pdf13(215 B)
📄 ps2pdf14(215 B)
📄 ps2pdfwr(1.05 KB)
📄 ps2ps(647 B)
📄 ps2ps2(669 B)
📄 ps2txt(631 B)
📄 pslog(14.45 KB)
📄 pstree(35.78 KB)
📄 pstree.x11(35.78 KB)
📄 ptar(3.48 KB)
📄 ptardiff(2.58 KB)
📄 ptargrep(4.29 KB)
📄 ptx(135.23 KB)
📄 pwd(42.92 KB)
📄 pwdx(14.3 KB)
📄 py3clean(7.63 KB)
📄 py3compile(13 KB)
📄 py3versions(12.52 KB)
📄 pydoc3(79 B)
📄 pydoc3.11(79 B)
📄 pygettext3(23.67 KB)
📄 pygettext3.11(23.67 KB)
📄 python3(6.52 MB)
📄 python3.11(6.52 MB)
📄 rbash(1.21 MB)
📄 rdma(180.6 KB)
📄 readlink(50.89 KB)
📄 realpath(50.92 KB)
📄 rename.ul(22.3 KB)
📄 renice(14.3 KB)
📄 reset(30.24 KB)
📄 resizepart(70.31 KB)
📄 rev(14.3 KB)
📄 rgrep(30 B)
📄 rm(71.05 KB)
📄 rmdir(54.92 KB)
📄 rotatelogs(26.31 KB)
📄 routel(1.62 KB)
📄 rtstat(26.59 KB)
📄 run-parts(26.91 KB)
📄 runcon(42.95 KB)
📄 rview(3.48 MB)
📄 rvim(3.48 MB)
📄 savelog(10.24 KB)
📄 scp(266.63 KB)
📄 script(70.3 KB)
📄 scriptlive(54.3 KB)
📄 scriptreplay(46.3 KB)
📄 sdiff(55.08 KB)
📄 sed(123.46 KB)
📄 select-editor(2.39 KB)
📄 sensible-browser(1.26 KB)
📄 sensible-editor(1.24 KB)
📄 sensible-pager(565 B)
📄 seq(58.92 KB)
📄 setarch(26.58 KB)
📄 setpriv(78.31 KB)
📄 setsid(14.3 KB)
📄 setterm(46.31 KB)
📄 sftp(282.59 KB)
📄 sg(47.75 KB)
📄 sh(122.7 KB)
📄 sha1sum(54.95 KB)
📄 sha224sum(58.95 KB)
📄 sha256sum(58.95 KB)
📄 sha384sum(62.95 KB)
📄 sha512sum(62.95 KB)
📄 shasum(9.75 KB)
📄 shred(63.14 KB)
📄 shuf(58.98 KB)
📄 skill(30.33 KB)
📄 slabtop(22.37 KB)
📄 sleep(42.86 KB)
📄 slogin(1.07 MB)
📄 snice(30.33 KB)
📄 sort(115.68 KB)
📄 splain(18.99 KB)
📄 split(59.55 KB)
📄 ss(189.14 KB)
📄 ssh(1.07 MB)
📄 ssh-add(518.44 KB)
📄 ssh-agent(474.38 KB)
📄 ssh-argv0(1.42 KB)
📄 ssh-copy-id(12.38 KB)
📄 ssh-keygen(646.44 KB)
📄 ssh-keyscan(622.47 KB)
📄 stat(95.2 KB)
📄 stdbuf(58.92 KB)
📄 streamzip(7.75 KB)
📄 stty(83.02 KB)
📄 su(70.31 KB)
📄 sum(50.96 KB)
📄 sync(38.89 KB)
📄 systemctl(1.29 MB)
📄 systemd(90.38 KB)
📄 systemd-analyze(182.61 KB)
📄 systemd-ask-password(18.48 KB)
📄 systemd-cat(18.38 KB)
📄 systemd-cgls(22.48 KB)
📄 systemd-cgtop(38.4 KB)
📄 systemd-creds(42.61 KB)
📄 systemd-cryptenroll(58.6 KB)
📄 systemd-delta(26.38 KB)
📄 systemd-detect-virt(18.37 KB)
📄 systemd-escape(18.37 KB)
📄 systemd-firstboot(50.59 KB)
📄 systemd-id128(22.37 KB)
📄 systemd-inhibit(22.39 KB)
📄 systemd-machine-id-setup(18.48 KB)
📄 systemd-mount(50.59 KB)
📄 systemd-notify(18.38 KB)
📄 systemd-path(18.37 KB)
📄 systemd-repart(150.69 KB)
📄 systemd-run(58.57 KB)
📄 systemd-socket-activate(26.38 KB)
📄 systemd-stdio-bridge(18.38 KB)
📄 systemd-sysext(42.49 KB)
📄 systemd-sysusers(62.68 KB)
📄 systemd-tmpfiles(110.57 KB)
📄 systemd-tty-ask-password-agent(34.38 KB)
📄 systemd-umount(50.59 KB)
📄 tabs(18.23 KB)
📄 tac(111.05 KB)
📄 tail(75.14 KB)
📄 tar(519.52 KB)
📄 taskset(62.31 KB)
📄 tee(42.95 KB)
📄 tempfile(14.18 KB)
📄 test(58.89 KB)
📄 tic(90.34 KB)
📄 timedatectl(42.37 KB)
📄 timeout(47.49 KB)
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📄 toe(22.23 KB)
📄 top(131.58 KB)
📄 touch(107.05 KB)
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📄 true(34.83 KB)
📄 truncate(42.89 KB)
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📄 tty(34.86 KB)
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📄 ucf(40.69 KB)
📄 ucfq(18.91 KB)
📄 ucfr(10.85 KB)
📄 uclampset(62.31 KB)
📄 ucs2any(18.32 KB)
📄 umount(34.3 KB)
📄 uname(42.86 KB)
📄 uncompress(2.29 KB)
📄 unexpand(42.92 KB)
📄 uniq(46.95 KB)
📄 unlink(38.83 KB)
📄 unshare(82.54 KB)
📄 update-alternatives(58.31 KB)
📄 update-mime-database(59.27 KB)
📄 uptime(14.3 KB)
📄 users(38.89 KB)
📄 utmpdump(30.3 KB)
📄 vdir(147.8 KB)
📄 vi(3.48 MB)
📄 view(3.48 MB)
📄 vim(3.48 MB)
📄 vim.basic(3.48 MB)
📄 vimdiff(3.48 MB)
📄 vimtutor(2.1 KB)
📄 vmstat(34.72 KB)
📄 w(22.3 KB)
📄 wall(38.3 KB)
📄 watch(26.71 KB)
📄 wc(51.05 KB)
📄 wdctl(70.34 KB)
📄 wget(527.36 KB)
📄 whereis(30.77 KB)
📄 which(946 B)
📄 which.debianutils(946 B)
📄 who(59.02 KB)
📄 whoami(38.86 KB)
📄 x86_64(26.58 KB)
📄 xargs(70.45 KB)
📄 xdg-user-dir(234 B)
📄 xdg-user-dirs-update(26.16 KB)
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📄 yes(38.83 KB)
📄 ypdomainname(22.15 KB)
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📄 zcmp(1.64 KB)
📄 zdiff(6.31 KB)
📄 zdump(22.52 KB)
📄 zegrep(29 B)
📄 zfgrep(29 B)
📄 zforce(2.03 KB)
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Editing: splain

#!/usr/bin/perl
    eval 'exec /usr/bin/perl -S $0 ${1+"$@"}'
	if 0; # ^ Run only under a shell

BEGIN { pop @INC if $INC[-1] eq '.' }

=head1 NAME

diagnostics, splain - produce verbose warning diagnostics

=head1 SYNOPSIS

Using the C<diagnostics> pragma:

use diagnostics;
    use diagnostics -verbose;

enable  diagnostics;
    disable diagnostics;

Using the C<splain> standalone filter program:

perl program 2>diag.out
    splain [-v] [-p] diag.out

Using diagnostics to get stack traces from a misbehaving script:

perl -Mdiagnostics=-traceonly my_script.pl

=head1 DESCRIPTION

=head2 The C<diagnostics> Pragma

This module extends the terse diagnostics normally emitted by both the
perl compiler and the perl interpreter (from running perl with a -w 
switch or C<use warnings>), augmenting them with the more
explicative and endearing descriptions found in L<perldiag>.  Like the
other pragmata, it affects the compilation phase of your program rather
than merely the execution phase.

To use in your program as a pragma, merely invoke

use diagnostics;

at the start (or near the start) of your program.  (Note 
that this I<does> enable perl's B<-w> flag.)  Your whole
compilation will then be subject(ed :-) to the enhanced diagnostics.
These still go out B<STDERR>.

Due to the interaction between runtime and compiletime issues,
and because it's probably not a very good idea anyway,
you may not use C<no diagnostics> to turn them off at compiletime.
However, you may control their behaviour at runtime using the 
disable() and enable() methods to turn them off and on respectively.

The B<-verbose> flag first prints out the L<perldiag> introduction before
any other diagnostics.  The $diagnostics::PRETTY variable can generate nicer
escape sequences for pagers.

Warnings dispatched from perl itself (or more accurately, those that match
descriptions found in L<perldiag>) are only displayed once (no duplicate
descriptions).  User code generated warnings a la warn() are unaffected,
allowing duplicate user messages to be displayed.

This module also adds a stack trace to the error message when perl dies.
This is useful for pinpointing what
caused the death.  The B<-traceonly> (or
just B<-t>) flag turns off the explanations of warning messages leaving just
the stack traces.  So if your script is dieing, run it again with

perl -Mdiagnostics=-traceonly my_bad_script

to see the call stack at the time of death.  By supplying the B<-warntrace>
(or just B<-w>) flag, any warnings emitted will also come with a stack
trace.

=head2 The I<splain> Program

Another program, I<splain> is actually nothing
more than a link to the (executable) F<diagnostics.pm> module, as well as
a link to the F<diagnostics.pod> documentation.  The B<-v> flag is like
the C<use diagnostics -verbose> directive.
The B<-p> flag is like the
$diagnostics::PRETTY variable.  Since you're post-processing with 
I<splain>, there's no sense in being able to enable() or disable() processing.

Output from I<splain> is directed to B<STDOUT>, unlike the pragma.

=head1 EXAMPLES

The following file is certain to trigger a few errors at both
runtime and compiletime:

use diagnostics;
    print NOWHERE "nothing\n";
    print STDERR "\n\tThis message should be unadorned.\n";
    warn "\tThis is a user warning";
    print "\nDIAGNOSTIC TESTER: Please enter a <CR> here: ";
    my $a, $b = scalar <STDIN>;
    print "\n";
    print $x/$y;

If you prefer to run your program first and look at its problem
afterwards, do this:

perl -w test.pl 2>test.out
    ./splain < test.out

Note that this is not in general possible in shells of more dubious heritage, 
as the theoretical

(perl -w test.pl >/dev/tty) >& test.out
    ./splain < test.out

Because you just moved the existing B<stdout> to somewhere else.

If you don't want to modify your source code, but still have on-the-fly
warnings, do this:

exec 3>&1; perl -w test.pl 2>&1 1>&3 3>&- | splain 1>&2 3>&-

Nifty, eh?

If you want to control warnings on the fly, do something like this.
Make sure you do the C<use> first, or you won't be able to get
at the enable() or disable() methods.

use diagnostics; # checks entire compilation phase 
	print "\ntime for 1st bogus diags: SQUAWKINGS\n";
	print BOGUS1 'nada';
	print "done with 1st bogus\n";

disable diagnostics; # only turns off runtime warnings
	print "\ntime for 2nd bogus: (squelched)\n";
	print BOGUS2 'nada';
	print "done with 2nd bogus\n";

enable diagnostics; # turns back on runtime warnings
	print "\ntime for 3rd bogus: SQUAWKINGS\n";
	print BOGUS3 'nada';
	print "done with 3rd bogus\n";

disable diagnostics;
	print "\ntime for 4th bogus: (squelched)\n";
	print BOGUS4 'nada';
	print "done with 4th bogus\n";

=head1 INTERNALS

Diagnostic messages derive from the F<perldiag.pod> file when available at
runtime.  Otherwise, they may be embedded in the file itself when the
splain package is built.   See the F<Makefile> for details.

If an extant $SIG{__WARN__} handler is discovered, it will continue
to be honored, but only after the diagnostics::splainthis() function 
(the module's $SIG{__WARN__} interceptor) has had its way with your
warnings.

There is a $diagnostics::DEBUG variable you may set if you're desperately
curious what sorts of things are being intercepted.

BEGIN { $diagnostics::DEBUG = 1 }

=head1 BUGS

Not being able to say "no diagnostics" is annoying, but may not be
insurmountable.

The C<-pretty> directive is called too late to affect matters.
You have to do this instead, and I<before> you load the module.

BEGIN { $diagnostics::PRETTY = 1 }

I could start up faster by delaying compilation until it should be
needed, but this gets a "panic: top_level" when using the pragma form
in Perl 5.001e.

While it's true that this documentation is somewhat subserious, if you use
a program named I<splain>, you should expect a bit of whimsy.

=head1 AUTHOR

Tom Christiansen <F<tchrist@mox.perl.com>>, 25 June 1995.

=cut

use strict;
use 5.009001;
use Carp;
$Carp::Internal{__PACKAGE__.""}++;

our $VERSION = '1.39';
our $DEBUG;
our $VERBOSE;
our $PRETTY;
our $TRACEONLY = 0;
our $WARNTRACE = 0;

use Config;
use Text::Tabs 'expand';
my $privlib = $Config{privlibexp};
if ($^O eq 'VMS') {
    require VMS::Filespec;
    $privlib = VMS::Filespec::unixify($privlib);
}
my @trypod = (
	   "$privlib/pod/perldiag.pod",
	   "$privlib/pods/perldiag.pod",
	  );
# handy for development testing of new warnings etc
unshift @trypod, "./pod/perldiag.pod" if -e "pod/perldiag.pod";
(my $PODFILE) = ((grep { -e } @trypod), $trypod[$#trypod])[0];

$DEBUG ||= 0;

local $| = 1;
local $_;
local $.;

my $standalone;
my(%HTML_2_Troff, %HTML_2_Latin_1, %HTML_2_ASCII_7);

CONFIG: {
    our $opt_p = our $opt_d = our $opt_v = our $opt_f = '';

unless (caller) {
	$standalone++;
	require Getopt::Std;
	Getopt::Std::getopts('pdvf:')
	    or die "Usage: $0 [-v] [-p] [-f splainpod]";
	$PODFILE = $opt_f if $opt_f;
	$DEBUG = 2 if $opt_d;
	$VERBOSE = $opt_v;
	$PRETTY = $opt_p;
    }

if (open(POD_DIAG, '<', $PODFILE)) {
	warn "Happy happy podfile from real $PODFILE\n" if $DEBUG;
	last CONFIG;
    }

if (caller) {
	INCPATH: {
	    for my $file ( (map { "$_/".__PACKAGE__.".pm" } @INC), $0) {
		warn "Checking $file\n" if $DEBUG;
		if (open(POD_DIAG, '<', $file)) {
		    while (<POD_DIAG>) {
			next unless
			    /^__END__\s*# wish diag dbase were more accessible/;
			print STDERR "podfile is $file\n" if $DEBUG;
			last INCPATH;
		    }
		}
	    } 
	}
    } else { 
	print STDERR "podfile is <DATA>\n" if $DEBUG;
	*POD_DIAG = *main::DATA;
    }
}
if (eof(POD_DIAG)) { 
    die "couldn't find diagnostic data in $PODFILE @INC $0";
}

%HTML_2_Troff = (
    'amp'	=>	'&',	#   ampersand
    'lt'	=>	'<',	#   left chevron, less-than
    'gt'	=>	'>',	#   right chevron, greater-than
    'quot'	=>	'"',	#   double quote
    'sol'	=>	'/',	#   forward slash / solidus
    'verbar'    =>	'|',	#   vertical bar

"Aacute"	=>	"A\\*'",	#   capital A, acute accent
    # etc

);

%HTML_2_Latin_1 = (
    'amp'	=>	'&',	#   ampersand
    'lt'	=>	'<',	#   left chevron, less-than
    'gt'	=>	'>',	#   right chevron, greater-than
    'quot'	=>	'"',	#   double quote
    'sol'	=>	'/',	#   Forward slash / solidus
    'verbar'    =>	'|',	#   vertical bar

#                           #   capital A, acute accent
    "Aacute"	=>	chr utf8::unicode_to_native(0xC1)

# etc
);

%HTML_2_ASCII_7 = (
    'amp'	=>	'&',	#   ampersand
    'lt'	=>	'<',	#   left chevron, less-than
    'gt'	=>	'>',	#   right chevron, greater-than
    'quot'	=>	'"',	#   double quote
    'sol'	=>	'/',	#   Forward slash / solidus
    'verbar'    =>	'|',	#   vertical bar

"Aacute"	=>	"A"	#   capital A, acute accent
    # etc
);

our %HTML_Escapes;
*HTML_Escapes = do {
    if ($standalone) {
	$PRETTY ? \%HTML_2_Latin_1 : \%HTML_2_ASCII_7; 
    } else {
	\%HTML_2_Latin_1; 
    }
};

*THITHER = $standalone ? *STDOUT : *STDERR;

my %transfmt = (); 
my $transmo = <<EOFUNC;
sub transmo {
    #local \$^W = 0;  # recursive warnings we do NOT need!
EOFUNC

my %msg;
my $over_level = 0;     # We look only at =item lines at the first =over level
{
    print STDERR "FINISHING COMPILATION for $_\n" if $DEBUG;
    local $/ = '';
    local $_;
    my $header;
    my @headers;
    my $for_item;
    my $seen_body;
    while (<POD_DIAG>) {

sub _split_pod_link {
	    $_[0] =~ m'(?:([^|]*)\|)?([^/]*)(?:/("?)(.*)\3)?'s;
	    ($1,$2,$4);
	}

unescape();
	if ($PRETTY) {
	    sub noop   { return $_[0] }  # spensive for a noop
	    sub bold   { my $str =$_[0];  $str =~ s/(.)/$1\b$1/g; return $str; } 
	    sub italic { my $str = $_[0]; $str =~ s/(.)/_\b$1/g;  return $str; } 
	    s/C<<< (.*?) >>>|C<< (.*?) >>|[BC]<(.*?)>/bold($+)/ges;
	    s/[IF]<(.*?)>/italic($1)/ges;
	    s/L<(.*?)>/
	       my($text,$page,$sect) = _split_pod_link($1);
	       defined $text
	        ? $text
	        : defined $sect
	           ? italic($sect) . ' in ' . italic($page)
	           : italic($page)
	     /ges;
	     s/S<(.*?)>/
               $1
             /ges;
	} else {
	    s/C<<< (.*?) >>>|C<< (.*?) >>|[BC]<(.*?)>/$+/gs;
	    s/[IF]<(.*?)>/$1/gs;
	    s/L<(.*?)>/
	       my($text,$page,$sect) = _split_pod_link($1);
	       defined $text
	        ? $text
	        : defined $sect
	           ? qq '"$sect" in $page'
	           : $page
	     /ges;
	    s/S<(.*?)>/
               $1
             /ges;
	} 
	unless (/^=/) {
	    if (defined $header) { 
		if ( $header eq 'DESCRIPTION' && 
		    (   /Optional warnings are enabled/ 
		     || /Some of these messages are generic./
		    ) )
		{
		    next;
		}
		$_ = expand $_;
		s/^/    /gm;
		$msg{$header} .= $_;
		for my $h(@headers) { $msg{$h} .= $_ }
		++$seen_body;
	 	undef $for_item;	
	    }
	    next;
	}

# If we have not come across the body of the description yet, then
	# the previous header needs to share the same description.
	if ($seen_body) {
	    @headers = ();
	}
	else {
	    push @headers, $header if defined $header;
	}

if ( ! s/=item (.*?)\s*\z//s || $over_level != 1) {

if ( s/=head1\sDESCRIPTION//) {
		$msg{$header = 'DESCRIPTION'} = '';
		undef $for_item;
	    }
	    elsif( s/^=for\s+diagnostics\s*\n(.*?)\s*\z// ) {
		$for_item = $1;
	    }
	    elsif( /^=over\b/ ) {
                $over_level++;
            }
	    elsif( /^=back\b/ ) { # Stop processing body here
                $over_level--;
                if ($over_level == 0) {
                    undef $header;
                    undef $for_item;
                    $seen_body = 0;
                    next;
                }
	    }
	    next;
	}

if( $for_item ) { $header = $for_item; undef $for_item } 
	else {
	    $header = $1;

$header =~ s/\n/ /gs; # Allow multi-line headers
	}

# strip formatting directives from =item line
	$header =~ s/[A-Z]<(.*?)>/$1/g;

# Since we strip "(\.\s*)\n" when we search a warning, strip it here as well
	$header =~ s/(\.\s*)?$//;

my @toks = split( /(%l?[dxX]|%[ucp]|%(?:\.\d+)?[fs])/, $header );
	if (@toks > 1) {
            my $conlen = 0;
            for my $i (0..$#toks){
                if( $i % 2 ){
                    if(      $toks[$i] eq '%c' ){
                        $toks[$i] = '.';
                    } elsif( $toks[$i] =~ /^%(?:d|u)$/ ){
                        $toks[$i] = '\d+';
                    } elsif( $toks[$i] =~ '^%(?:s|.*f)$' ){
                        $toks[$i] = $i == $#toks ? '.*' : '.*?';
                    } elsif( $toks[$i] =~ '%.(\d+)s' ){
                        $toks[$i] = ".{$1}";
                    } elsif( $toks[$i] =~ '^%l*([pxX])$' ){
                        $toks[$i] = $1 eq 'X' ? '[\dA-F]+' : '[\da-f]+';
                    }
                } elsif( length( $toks[$i] ) ){
                    $toks[$i] = quotemeta $toks[$i];
                    $conlen += length( $toks[$i] );
                }
            }  
            my $lhs = join( '', @toks );
            $lhs =~ s/(\\\s)+/\\s+/g; # Replace lit space with multi-space match
	    $transfmt{$header}{pat} =
              "    s^\\s*$lhs\\s*\Q$header\Es\n\t&& return 1;\n";
            $transfmt{$header}{len} = $conlen;
	} else {
            my $lhs = "\Q$header\E";
            $lhs =~ s/(\\\s)+/\\s+/g; # Replace lit space with multi-space match
            $transfmt{$header}{pat} =
	      "    s^\\s*$lhs\\s*\Q$header\E\n\t && return 1;\n";
            $transfmt{$header}{len} = length( $header );
	}

print STDERR __PACKAGE__.": Duplicate entry: \"$header\"\n"
	    if $msg{$header};

$msg{$header} = '';
	$seen_body = 0;
    }

close POD_DIAG unless *main::DATA eq *POD_DIAG;

die "No diagnostics?" unless %msg;

# Apply patterns in order of decreasing sum of lengths of fixed parts
    # Seems the best way of hitting the right one.
    for my $hdr ( sort { $transfmt{$b}{len} <=> $transfmt{$a}{len} }
                  keys %transfmt ){
        $transmo .= $transfmt{$hdr}{pat};
    }
    $transmo .= "    return 0;\n}\n";
    print STDERR $transmo if $DEBUG;
    eval $transmo;
    die $@ if $@;
}

if ($standalone) {
    if (!@ARGV and -t STDIN) { print STDERR "$0: Reading from STDIN\n" } 
    while (defined (my $error = <>)) {
	splainthis($error) || print THITHER $error;
    } 
    exit;
}

my $olddie;
my $oldwarn;

sub import {
    shift;
    $^W = 1; # yup, clobbered the global variable; 
	     # tough, if you want diags, you want diags.
    return if defined $SIG{__WARN__} && ($SIG{__WARN__} eq \&warn_trap);

for (@_) {

/^-d(ebug)?$/ 	   	&& do {
				    $DEBUG++;
				    next;
				   };

/^-v(erbose)?$/ 	&& do {
				    $VERBOSE++;
				    next;
				   };

/^-p(retty)?$/ 		&& do {
				    print STDERR "$0: I'm afraid it's too late for prettiness.\n";
				    $PRETTY++;
				    next;
			       };
	# matches trace and traceonly for legacy doc mixup reasons
	/^-t(race(only)?)?$/	&& do {
				    $TRACEONLY++;
				    next;
			       };
	/^-w(arntrace)?$/ 	&& do {
				    $WARNTRACE++;
				    next;
			       };

warn "Unknown flag: $_";
    }

$oldwarn = $SIG{__WARN__};
    $olddie = $SIG{__DIE__};
    $SIG{__WARN__} = \&warn_trap;
    $SIG{__DIE__} = \&death_trap;
}

sub enable { &import }

sub disable {
    shift;
    return unless $SIG{__WARN__} eq \&warn_trap;
    $SIG{__WARN__} = $oldwarn || '';
    $SIG{__DIE__} = $olddie || '';
}

sub warn_trap {
    my $warning = $_[0];
    if (caller eq __PACKAGE__ or !splainthis($warning)) {
	if ($WARNTRACE) {
	    print STDERR Carp::longmess($warning);
	} else {
	    print STDERR $warning;
	}
    } 
    goto &$oldwarn if defined $oldwarn and $oldwarn and $oldwarn ne \&warn_trap;
};

sub death_trap {
    my $exception = $_[0];

# See if we are coming from anywhere within an eval. If so we don't
    # want to explain the exception because it's going to get caught.
    my $in_eval = 0;
    my $i = 0;
    while (my $caller = (caller($i++))[3]) {
      if ($caller eq '(eval)') {
	$in_eval = 1;
	last;
      }
    }

splainthis($exception) unless $in_eval;
    if (caller eq __PACKAGE__) {
	print STDERR "INTERNAL EXCEPTION: $exception";
    } 
    &$olddie if defined $olddie and $olddie and $olddie ne \&death_trap;

return if $in_eval;

# We don't want to unset these if we're coming from an eval because
    # then we've turned off diagnostics.

# Switch off our die/warn handlers so we don't wind up in our own
    # traps.
    $SIG{__DIE__} = $SIG{__WARN__} = '';

$exception =~ s/\n(?=.)/\n\t/gas;

die Carp::longmess("__diagnostics__")
	  =~ s/^__diagnostics__.*?line \d+\.?\n/
		  "Uncaught exception from user code:\n\t$exception"
	      /re;
	# up we go; where we stop, nobody knows, but i think we die now
	# but i'm deeply afraid of the &$olddie guy reraising and us getting
	# into an indirect recursion loop
};

my %exact_duplicate;
my %old_diag;
my $count;
my $wantspace;
sub splainthis {
  return 0 if $TRACEONLY;
  for (my $tmp = shift) {
    local $\;
    local $!;
    ### &finish_compilation unless %msg;
    s/(\.\s*)?\n+$//;
    my $orig = $_;
    # return unless defined;

# get rid of the where-are-we-in-input part
    s/, <.*?> (?:line|chunk).*$//;

# Discard 1st " at <file> line <no>" and all text beyond
    # but be aware of messages containing " at this-or-that"
    my $real = 0;
    my @secs = split( / at / );
    return unless @secs;
    $_ = $secs[0];
    for my $i ( 1..$#secs ){
        if( $secs[$i] =~ /.+? (?:line|chunk) \d+/ ){
            $real = 1;
            last;
        } else {
            $_ .= ' at ' . $secs[$i];
	}
    }

# remove parenthesis occurring at the end of some messages 
    s/^$(.*)$$/$1/;

if ($exact_duplicate{$orig}++) {
	return &transmo;
    } else {
	return 0 unless &transmo;
    }

my $short = shorten($orig);
    if ($old_diag{$_}) {
	autodescribe();
	print THITHER "$short (#$old_diag{$_})\n";
	$wantspace = 1;
    } elsif (!$msg{$_} && $orig =~ /\n./s) {
	# A multiline message, like "Attempt to reload /
	# Compilation failed"
	my $found;
	for (split /^/, $orig) {
	    splainthis($_) and $found = 1;
	}
	return $found;
    } else {
	autodescribe();
	$old_diag{$_} = ++$count;
	print THITHER "\n" if $wantspace;
	$wantspace = 0;
	print THITHER "$short (#$old_diag{$_})\n";
	if ($msg{$_}) {
	    print THITHER $msg{$_};
	} else {
	    if (0 and $standalone) { 
		print THITHER "    **** Error #$old_diag{$_} ",
			($real ? "is" : "appears to be"),
			" an unknown diagnostic message.\n\n";
	    }
	    return 0;
	} 
    }
    return 1;
  }
}

sub autodescribe {
    if ($VERBOSE and not $count) {
	print THITHER &{$PRETTY ? \&bold : \&noop}("DESCRIPTION OF DIAGNOSTICS"),
		"\n$msg{DESCRIPTION}\n";
    } 
}

sub unescape { 
    s {
            E<  
            ( [A-Za-z]+ )       
            >   
    } { 
         do {   
             exists $HTML_Escapes{$1}
                ? do { $HTML_Escapes{$1} }
                : do {
                    warn "Unknown escape: E<$1> in $_";
                    "E<$1>";
                } 
         } 
    }egx;
}

sub shorten {
    my $line = $_[0];
    if (length($line) > 79 and index($line, "\n") == -1) {
	my $space_place = rindex($line, ' ', 79);
	if ($space_place != -1) {
	    substr($line, $space_place, 1) = "\n\t";
	} 
    } 
    return $line;
}

1 unless $standalone;  # or it'll complain about itself
__END__ # wish diag dbase were more accessible

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